Complete Blood Count(CBC) is a basic screening test and is one of the most frequently ordered laboratory procedures. The findings in the CBC give valuable diagnostic information about the hematologic and other body systems, prognosis, response to treatment, and recovery. Most laboratories now are using automated methods which gives more accurate results and faster turn around time.The CBC consists of a series of tests that determine number, variety, percentage, concentrations, and quality of blood cells:
- White blood cell count (WBC): leukocytes fight infection
- Differential white blood cell count (Diff): specific patterns of WBC
- Red blood cell count (RBC): red blood cells carry O2 from lungs to blood tissues and CO2 from tissue to lungs
- Hematocrit (Hct): measures RBC mass
- Hemoglobin (Hb): main component of RBCs and transports O2 and CO2
- Red blood cell indices: calculated values of size and Hb content of RBCs; important in anemia evaluations
- Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
- Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)
- Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)
- Stained red cell examination (film or peripheral blood smear)
- Platelet count (often included in CBC): thrombocytes are necessary for clotting and control of bleeding
- Red blood cell distribution width (RDW): indicates degree variability and abnormal cell size.
- Mean platelet volume (MPV): index of platelet production
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